Best way to profile amps with a 4 x 12 cab

None of your ideas are bad - try them all - experiment and see what works best. Maybe you don't like the results, but I think all these methods have been used before

If you're using a close mic and a distance mic, you may run into phase issues. That said, nothing wrong with trying!

Quote from chu

If you're using a close mic and a distance mic, you may run into phase issues. That said, nothing wrong with trying!

That's true of any situation where you use more than one mic. Actually, one mic alone can experience the problem (due to comb filtering)

If you don't want the close-mic'ed sound, mixing in some of the distant mic will make the profile sound more like it does from listening position. (It will not add any of the room ambience/reverb, though). The oldest Jubilee rig I put on the Rig Exchange was made with just one mic - the mic was placed several feet away from the cabinet, and about six feet above the floor. The newer ones were done with a combination of one close mic, and a second more distant mic.

Of course you could get Phase issues. It has nothing to do with mixing them together.
The problem occurs by the time each signal needs to hit the capsule in the mic.
The ambience mic is always later hit than the close mic.
You have to move one of the mics to compensate the waveforms to overlap or you could delay one mic with a plugin.
Imagine a Wave. Both mics schould have the peak of the wave at the same time.
Multi Micing is a Art you have to learn by trial and error. If it sounds good than it´s good if not try from scratch, move the mics a little bit.
Subtle movements can make a huge difference.

Quote from hal2000

But when i put both mics into a mixer (each in a separate channel) i should have no phase problems, right?

paults: So do you recommend to use one close mic and a second more distant mic?

the standard way of moving mics 'in phase' is to flip the phase of one channel and then move a mic tiny amounts until you get the most phase cancellation, a very thin sound without bass. Once there, flip the phase back to normal.

also
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Quote from hal2000

But when i put both mics into a mixer (each in a separate channel) i should have no phase problems, right?

paults: So do you recommend to use one close mic and a second more distant mic?

A close mic is the sound we are used to hearing on recordings and at concerts. If the sound of a distant mic (or a microphone to the side of the cbinet) is the only sound in a profile, it will sound dark, but not like you have your ear right in frony of the speaker.. You can experiment with mixing the two sounds to get a sound that is somewhere in between.

Quote from hal2000

So how will i get the sound of a cabinet and not of a speaker? For example: A Marshall Greenback
cabinet sounds wonderful but the TV Version (is only a bit taller) sounds better. So it has to be
the more volume of the wood.
How can i profile this difference?

simplified:
bigger cabinet -> lower resonant frequency
this will already be reflected in the profile, even is you close mic it.