Lets not get too carried away with the ultra high frequency stories here. I personally can not hear anything over 15Khz period .... but young people (who don't play in bands) and dogs can
While it is true that a guitar (and certainly a guitar and a stomp box) can generate frequencies that are quite high, most guitar cabs can't reproduce the frequencies. Here is the spec sheet on the ever popular vintage 30: http://celestion.com/product/1/vintage_30/
You aren't going to get much over 15KHz out of this speaker no matter what you put into it.
As for aliasing, it isn't caused by the A/D or D/A in the real world. All modern A/D converters are capable of sampling at very high frequencies (>192Khz). If you study electrical engineering (I am an EE myself), you learn that you can digitize a signal by sampling it at discrete points, processing it into the frequency domain, then changing it back into the time domain and feeding it into a Digital to Analog converter (D/A) to output the voltage EXACTLY like it was before you digitized it ....... as long as you sample 2 times as fast as the highest frequency you wish to reproduce.
There is a long drawn out mathematical explanation for this if you care to look it up you will find reams of gibberish explaining it in detail
So, sampling at 44Khz would give an effective reproduced frequency ceiling of 22Khz ..... which is higher than most humans can ever hear even at birth ..... and much higher than any guitar cab I have ever heard of being capable of reproducing.
Now what DOES cause aliasing in the real world is down sampling in order to reduce processing, or mistakes in the DSP signal paths which result in a time alignment issue that results in something that sounds like aliasing.
My educated engineering guess is that what we are hearing in the Kemper is the latter .... and it can be easily fixed by modifying the DSP code to better align things internally.
I doubt that the Kemper is processing bound.