Quote: “At first I thought it was a Framus. The body spoke for it. But not the headstock.”
I understand this point well, as I immediately thought precisely the same.
The headstock differs from that headstock most commonly seen on Framus instruments. So, a very sensible conclusion to draw.
The problem is that as stated earlier, Framus actually used at least nine different headstock shapes during this era, before settling on the most commonly experienced headstock.
Additionally, the headstock in question here is absolutely identical to those used on a number of German manufactured instruments, from completely different brands during that specific period.
This leads me to the view that the necks were supplied to different manufacturers by a third-party supplier for reasons of economic viability and also due to the lack of availability of skilled Luthiers and tooling at that time.
If I had to hazard a well-informed guess, I would not be at all surprised if the identical necks that graced so many different German manufacturers instruments actually originated from an industrial region in northern Italy.
The region concerned was a Mecca for instrument manufacture and later the supply of parts for export. They fabricated accordions, electronic accordions, electric organs, guitars etc. et al. Lots of pearloid was always a feature.
I have a lot of links to manufacturing industries that go back many, many decades, and its common for makers involved in a number of related fields to find synergy between them, wherever its possible.
Looking at headstocks and fingerboards on instruments from Germany during that era there’s an awful lot of pearloid utilised that is identical to that found on many Italian instruments of different types emanating from that region.
It could be argued that Germany had its own fine accordion and bandoneon manufacturers at the time such as Hohner, and sourced pearloid within its boundaries. However, anyone familiar with the different instruments of that period will be aware of the differences in quality and colour that often distinguished them.
By the way, if anyone has ever wondered why early Fender amplifiers had the controls at the back of the amp, it was because at that time accordions and electronic accordions were more popular than electric guitars and the amps were placed in front rather than behind the player. They accessed the controls from the rear. Later, electric guitar players also placed them out in front due to their low output as well as access to the controls.
Back on topic, many Hofner instrument designs that featured lots of pearloid often had an identical Italian manufactured instrument equivalent to it in every way but brand name. That to my mind is too much of a coincidence to be accidental, and persuades me to the view that there was in all probability a fair deal of third-party sourcing activity from Italy was going on, during a period of economic recovery for Germany where retooling was necessary.
In reference to my earlier comments about worker being allowed to take obsolete and B standard parts by various manufacturers during that era, the proviso they had to agree to was to make sure that there were no brand identification labelling that could mean a warrantee claim could be made. Martin for example offered a lifetime warrantee. But they also wanted to distance themselves from any quirky builds.
There is one more factor I neglected to mention last night, that leads me to conclude the instrument to be a Framus and that is its finish and colouring.
If we consider a Hofner finish such as brown sunburst, and examine it properly it absolutely distinguishes the brand from any other. Its colouring and quality of finish are part of the brands identity.
Hofner Presidents available in natural finish are similar in colour to Hoyas in natural finish it is true, but they had almost no colouring whatever. During that era the available colours and finishes were rather limited.
That was true even for Fenders in their early years. By and large then the colour and quality of a finish is and important indicator of who fabricated the instrument If the necks were supplied by a third party, then co-operation would be required regarding that.
But it is far more likely the necks were supplied unfinished and the headstock plate and fingerboard masked prior to finish in the brands colouring in Germany at the same time as the body. Colour matching, and batch colouring is an extremely complex matter from a manufacturing point of view, this approach would avoid that and ensure the parts were supplied as economically as possible.
If you have any doubt about this, consider when car bumpers started to be manufactured in plastic. Manufacturers used black bumpers, as the parts came from third party suppliers and there were difficulties involved in providing an exact colour match to the factory finish.
Framus had its own brown sunburst but also had a special black and red sunburst. Generally, the essential thing to consider is that these instruments had their sunburst sprayed on by hand, and that is a unique type of fingerprint providing a clue to the actual plant that fabricated the instrument.
The instruments quality, features and appointments (like bindings) can be similarly indicative, but these are best tested, being viewed in person.
Quote: “I suspect that the pickups were installed later.”
Another good point.
I wondered if a lot of the actual hardware were post manufacture addons?
Following your comments, I enlarged the photo, something I should have done, and it certainly looks to be the case.
Probably more evidence to support the previous notion above that some aftermarket modification has been undertaken by a previous owner.
That might explain the tailpiece and bridge assembly too as vibrato arms came gradually more into vogue for guitarists around the world and plenty of instruments were retro fitted, usually with Bigsbys. But they were rarely seen as a retailed aftermarket part and expensive in European countries in that era, and for many years later.
It the lack of branding and probable modifications that make this instrument difficult to identify. Under such circumstances, the body neck, headstock and fingerboard with their in bedded appointments, give the best possible leads to identifying who actually manufactured it. Once one strips away everything that could be fitted later and look at the instrument and ask what is it, in and of itself? This I feel gives the best path to the most reliable and trustworthy answer.